Establishment of the Civil Ranks System in Russia, Preparation of the Table of Ranks by Peter the Great
| 20 May 2025
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Anniversaries
Hegumen Antoniy (Baburin), Yaroslavl, Russian Federation
Establishment of the Civil Ranks System in Russia, Preparation of the Table of Ranks by Peter the Great
Abstract
The article describes the functioning of the Yaroslavl Bolshaya (Great) Manufactory in the post-reform era. The chronological frames of the study are 1857 (year when the factory was purchased by representatives of a well-known Moscow merchant dynasty of Karzinkin) to 1906 (start P.A. Stolypin’s agrarian reform, which ended of the post-reform era). The research object is the Yaroslavl Bolshaya Manufactory (hereafter YaBM), one of the largest textile factories of the Russian Empire in the late 19th — early 20th century. By mid-19th century the YaBM was in decline, which allowed Moscow entrepreneurs A.A. Korzinkin and G.M. Igumnov buy it cheaply. Through skilful management, modernization of production and investment of new capital the cotton-spinning manufactory became a major provincial enterprise. The YaBM was a backbone enterprise and its infrastructure shaped urban development of Yaroslavl: besides new factory buildings there emerged new hospitals, shops, nurseries, schools, churches (St. Peter and Paul Church, St. Andrew of Crete Church, etc.), and housing (3-storey brick barracks) for the workers of the rapidly growing industry (from 900 people in mid-19th century to 10,000 in early 20th century). Wages of the textile factory workers were higher than the province average. To reduce dependence on import of raw materials and following the annexion of Central Asia, Karzinkins organized cotton plantations there; cotton was to be delivered to Yaroslavl by water. The YaBM workers participated in strikes and revolutionary events of 1905. To promote labor discipline at the factory there was a system not only of penalties (fines), but also incentives (bonuses, pensions, awards for long service and dedication to the company, etc.). The working conditions were not easy, but paternalistic case work of the YaBM management neutralized most social and economic problems. Thus, acquisition and proprietorship of the YaBM by Karzinkins resulted in rapid development of the factory in the second half of the 19th century.
Keywords
Yaroslavl Bolshaya Manufactory (YaBM), textiles, Karzinkin, motivation to work, Peter and Paul Temple.
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About the authors
Hegumen Antoniy (Baburin Andrey Alekseevich), graduate student at the faculty of history of the P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russian Federation, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it