‘This is a Great Event in Our Church’: Bishop of Lutsk Polycarp on the Signing of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches

Print

94(47).084.8"1939/1945"

DOI 10.28995/2073-0101-2018-2-522-535

Lyudmila А. Lykova, Alexander V. Sukhanov,

Russian State Archive of Social and Political History, Moscow, Russian Federation

‘This is a Great Event in Our Church’: Bishop of Lutsk Polycarp on the Signing of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches

Abstract

Analysis of the previously unknown to the scholarship documents strives to close the gaps in studying unknown facts and events of the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days of the Great Patriotic War. The article presents new archival sources in order to explore the history of Orthodoxy in Ukraine more fully and objectively. The significance of the publication of these archival documents stems from current processes and state of the Orthodox Church in Ukraine, where it has exposed to persecution by the political elite of Ukraine. Certain circles of the Ukrainian clergy support the split of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and its persecution. During the Great Patriotic War religious life in the occupied Ukrainian territories was extremely ambiguous. The Nazi occupiers encouraged the split in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, which resulted in emergence of the Ukrainian Autonomous Orthodox Church, which maintained canonical ties with the Russian Orthodox Church, and Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church, which was non–canonical and sought to break all ties with the Moscow Patriarchate. The authors have carried out archeographic and source–studies analysis of the new documents in order to establish their authenticity, time and place of their origin and to determine their novelty and scientific and practical significance. Archival sources identified in the course of documentary project ‘Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945’ shed light on the situation, describe numerous killings of priests of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, speak of cooperation of the episcopate of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Church with the occupation authorities. The attempt to create a unified Ukrainian Orthodox Church failed. In spring 1943, the troops of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) opened hostilities against the Nazis, who responded by ceasing all support of their spiritual pillar, the Autocephalous Church. The Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church only recognized legitimacy of the Autonomous Orthodox Church in Ukraine. After the bishops of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church escape in the steps of the retreating German army, the Orthodox parishes on the territory of Ukraine passed into jurisdiction of the Moscow Patriarchate of the ROC.

Keywords

Source, archive, Russian Orthodox Church, World War II, USSR, Nazi Germany.

Download the article: pdf

References

MAL'TSEV, V. Zhertva Grazhdanskoi voiny. Presledovaniya Ukrainskoi pravoslavnoi tserkvi v khode konflikta na Ukraine. 2014–2015 [The victim of the Civil war. The persecution of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church during the conflict in Ukraine. 2014–2015. In Russ.]. Moscow, Assotsiatsiya knigoizdatelei “Russkaya kniga” publ., 2016, 155 p.

ODINTSOV, M. I., KOCHETOVA, A. S. Konfessional'naya politika v Sovetskom Soyuze v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941–1945 gg. [Religious policy in the Soviet Union in the days the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. In Russ.]. Moscow, ROSSPEN publ., 2014, 316 p.

ODINTSOV, M. I. Religioznye organizatsii v SSSR nakanune i v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941–1945 gg. [Religious organizations in the Soviet Union before and during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. In Russ.]. Moscow, RAGS publ., 1995, 221 p.

ODINTSOV, M. I. Vlast' i religiya v gody voiny. Gosudarstvo i religioznye organizatsii v SSSR v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941–1945 gg. [Power and religion in the wartime. The state and religious organizations in the USSR in the days of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. In Russ.]. Moscow, 1999, 540 p.

ROZENBERG, A. Politicheskii dnevnik. 1934–1944 [Political diary. 1934–1944. In Russ.]. Moscow, Fond “Istoricheskaya pamyat'” publ., 2015, 446 p.

Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov' v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941–1945 gg. [The Russian Orthodox Church in the days the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In Russ.]. Moscow, Izdatel'stvo Krutitskogo podvor'ya: Obshchestvo lyubitelei tserkovnoi istorii publ., 2009, 765 p.

SHKAROVSKII, M. V. Natsistskaya Germaniya i Pravoslavnaya Tserkov'. Natsistskaya politika v otnoshenii Pravoslavnoi Tserkvi i religioznoe vozrozhdenie na okkupirovannykh territoriyakh SSSR [Nazi Germany and the Orthodox Church. Nazi policy towards the Orthodox Church and the religious revival in the occupied territories of the USSR. In Russ.]. Moscow, Krutitskoe patriarshee podvor'e: Obshchestvo lyubitelei tserkovnoi istorii publ., 2002, 521 p.

SHKAROVSKII, M. V. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' pri Staline i Khrushcheve [The Russian Orthodox Church under Stalin and Khrushchev. In Russ.]. Moscow, Krutitskoe patriarshee podvor'e: Obshchestvo lyubitelei tserkovnoi istorii publ., 2000, 399 p.

VASIL'EVA, O. YU. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' v politike Sovetskogo gosudarstva v 1943–1948 gg. [The Russian Orthodox Church in Soviet state policies in 1943–1948. In Russ.]. Moscow, 1999, 212 p.

YAKUNIN, V. N. Russkaya Pravoslavnaya Tserkov' na okkupirovannykh territoriyakh SSSR v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny 1941-1945 gg. [The Russian Orthodox Church in the occupied territories of the USSR in the days of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In Russ.]. Samara, Samarskii universitet publ., 2001, 242 p.

About the authors

Sukhanov Alexander Vasilievich, Russian State Archive of Social and Political History, leading specialist, Moscow, Russian Federation, +7-963-362-29-01, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

Lykova Lyudmila Anatolievna, PhD in History, Russian State Archive of Social and Political History, principal specialist, Moscow, Russian Federation, +7-926-531-19-45, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

Grant information

The publication has been prepared with financial support of the Russian Foundation for Humanities (science project ‘Orthodoxy in Ukraine in the days of the Great Patriotic War’ no. 17-01-00369).

Submitted 18.01.2018, published:

LYKOVA, L. A., SUKHANOV, A. V. “Eto velikoe sobytie v nashei tserkvi”. Episkop Lutskii Polikarp o podpisanii Akta o soedinenii Ukrainskikh pravoslavnykh tserkvei [‘This is a Great Event in Our Church’: Bishop of Lutsk Polycarp on the Signing of the Act of Unity of the Ukrainian Orthodox Churches. In Russ.]. IN: Vestnik arhivista / Herald of an Archivist, 2018, no. 2, pp. 522-535. doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2018-2-522-535

You can read completely article in the russian historic-archival magazine “The Herald of an Archivist”. Read more about terms of subscription here.

Полностью материал публикуется в российском историко-архивоведческом журнале ВЕСТНИК АРХИВИСТА. Ознакомьтесь с условиями подписки здесь.