“Post-Antonovschina” as a Distinctive Stage in the Development of the Tambov Village after the Peasant Uprising of 1920–21: Materials from Regional Archives

Scientific article

УДК 94(47)+94(470.326)+930.253

doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2022-4-997-1011

Nikolashin, Vadim P.

G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russian Federation

“Post-Antonovschina” as a Distinctive Stage in the Development of the Tambov Village after the Peasant Uprising of 1920–21: Materials from Regional Archives

Abstract

Problematics of the Tambov village development after suppression of the Antonov’s mutiny remains little studied. Socio-economic, ideological, cultural, and educational struggle against the consequences of the Tambov economic and political conflict was an important aspect in state policy, the same as use of military and political measures in the “re-socialization” of anti-Soviet villages. To stabilize the situation on the ground, lengthy progressive steps were required on the part of authorities. The author attempts to study the period of “post-Antonovschina” as a separate period in the Tambov village development. Significance of the work is determined by the need to analyze the consequences of peasant uprising in order to develop means of resolving deep socio-political crisis. Systematic interdisciplinary approach has made it possible to analyze content and features of the Tambov village development in the “post-Antonovschina” period. It also provides an opportunity to apply interdisciplinary tools of historical, socio-humanitarian, and economic sciences, thus significantly expanding research potential and providing deeper conclusions. In preparation of the article, general scientific and special historical research methods have been used. A special place in is occupied by the theory of modernization. Mobilization of historical sources on this topic has been carried out for the first time. The article presents the historiography of the problem and characterization of documentary sources from regional archives of Tambov and Voronezh (State Archive of the Tambov Region, State Archive of the Socio-Political History of the Tambov Region, State Archive of the Socio-Political History of the Voronezh Region) that contain wide and comprehensive array of materials, some of which have not been introduced into scientific use or published. Documentary materials from regional archives permit to piece together complete picture of the events in the Tambov gubernia in the first years following the Antonov’s mutiny. They also permit to draw conceptual conclusions on the historical fate of peasant generation that saw the Antonov’s mutiny, to identify the reasons for restoration of “moral economy” in the Tambov gubernia in 1920–21, to determine features of peasant identity transformations under the influence of civilizational challenge, to explore the Bolsheviks’ “appeasement” of peasantry in the zone of the Tambov uprising.

Keywords

Archival documents, sources, Tambov village, peasantry, Tambov uprising, consequences of the uprising, appeasement.

Download the article: nikolashin_doi

References

ANFERTIEV, I. A. Politicheskii konstruktivizm pravyashchei partii. Programmnye ustanovki RSDRP(b) –RKP(b)–VKP(b). 1917–1930-e gody: monografiya [Political constructionism of the ruling party: Program agenda of the RSDLP (B)—RCP (B)—AUCP (B): 1917–30s: A monograph. In Russ.]. Moscow, Infra-М. publ., 2019, 555 p.

ANFERTIEV, I. A. “Otnoshenie k sovetskoi vlasti po men'shei mere neitral'noe, k kommunisticheskoi partii – vrazhdebnoe”. Apparat pravyashchei RKP(b) o putyakh preodoleniya krizisnykh yavlenii v strane v posleoktyabr'skii period [‘The attitude towards the Soviet power is at least neutral, to the Communist Party is hostile’: The apparatus of the ruling RCP(B) on ways to overcome crisis phenomena in the country in the post–October period. In Russ.]. IN: Istoricheskii arkhiv – Historical Archive, 2017, no. 4, рр. 101–122.

BABASHKIN, V. V. Rossiya v 1902-1935 gg. kak agrarnoe obshchestvo: zakonomernosti i osobennosti otechestvennoi modernizatsii [Russia in 1902–35 as agrarian society: General and specific features of national modernization: A monograph]. Moscow, RGAZU publ., 2007, 225 p.

BEZAI, O. V. Povstancheskoe dvizhenie v Tambovskoi gubernii 1920-1921 gg. Avtoref. dis. … kand. ist. nauk [Insurrectionary movement in the Tambov gubernia in 1920–21. Cand. hist. sci. abstract. In Russ.]. Tambov, 2020, 20 p.

BERNSTEIN, H. Class Dynamics of Agrarian Change. Halifax NS, Fernwood, 2010, 154 p. (Russ. ed.: BERNSTEIN, G. Social'naya dinamika agrarnyh izmenenii. Moscow, Delo publ., 2016, 182 p.)

BOLTNEV, G. G. Prichiny i posledstviya krest'yanskogo vosstaniya v Tambovskoi gubernii (cherez prizmu sud'by sem'i) [Causes and consequences of the peasant uprising in the Tambov gubernia (through the prism of family fate). In Russ.]. IN: Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Historical, philosophical, political, and legal sciences, cultural studies and art history. Issues of theory and practice], 2017, no. 6-2 (80), pp. 13–16.

VASILYEVA, T. V., DOLGOV, K. A., SKRYPNIKOV, A. V. Stranitsy istorii Rossii: "Antonovshchina" kak sotsial'nyi fenomen [Pages of Russian history: "Antonovschina" as a social phenomenon. In Russ.]. IN: Vestnik Moskovskogo gorodskogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Seriya: Istoricheskie nauki [Bulletin of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. Series: Historical Sciences], 2012, no. 2 (10), pp. 50–63.

DANILOV, V. P. Krest'yanskaya revolyutsiya v Rossii 1902-1922 gg. [Peasant Revolution in Russia, 1902–22. In Russ.]. IN: Materialy konferentsii “Krest'yane i vlast'” [Proceedings of the conference "Peasants and Power"]. Moscow; Tambov, 1996, pp. 4-23.

ZAKHARTSEV, S. N. Organizatsionno-pravovye osnovy bor'by s prestupnost'yu v RSFSR v 1921-1929 gg. [Organizational and legal basis for fighting crime in the RSFSR in 1921–29. In Russ.]. St. Petersburg, Nestor publ., 2007, 160 p.

ESIKOV, S. A. Rossiiskaya derevnya v gody nepa: K voprosu ob al'ternativakh stalinskoi kollektivizatsii (po materialam Tsentral'nogo Chernozem'ya) [Russian Village in the Days of the New Economic Policy: Revisiting the Issue of Alternatives to Stalin’s Collectivization (Materials of the Central Black Earth Region). In Russ.]. Moscow, ROSSPEN, Fond “Prezidentskii tsentr B. N. El'tsina” publ., 2010, 244 p.

KONDRASHIN, V. V. Krest'yanskoe dvizhenie v Povolzh'e v 1918-1922 gg. [Peasant movement in the Volga region in 1918– 22. In Russ.]. Moscow, Yanus-K publ., 2001, 542 p

KULIN, V. V. Perekhod ot prodrazverstki k prodnalogu v Tambovskoi gubernii [Transition from Prodrazvyorstka to Prodnalog in the Tambov gubernia. In Russ.]. IN: Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Historical, philosophical, political, and legal sciences, cultural studies and art history. Issues of theory and practice], 2014, no. 2-2 (40), pp. 112–115.

POSADSKII, A. V. Malaya grazhdanskaya voina: sobytiya v Penzenskoi gubernii v kontse 1921 – pervoi polovine 1922 gg. [Small Civil War: Events in the Penza gubernia in late 1921 - first half of 1922. In Russ.]. IN: Krest'yanovedenie, 2017, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 149–159.

SENNIKOV, B. V. Tambovskoe vosstanie 1918-1921 gg. i raskrest'yanivanie Rossii 1929-1933 gg. [The Tambov uprising of 1918-21 and depeasantization of Russia (1929–33). In Russ.]. Moscow, Posev publ., 2004, 175 p.

SCOTT, JAMES S. The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia. ? Yale University Press, 1977, 254 p. (Russ. ed.: SCOTT, JAMES S. Moral'naya ekonomika krest'yanstva kak etika vyzhivaniya. IN: Velikii neznakomets: krest'yane i fermery v sovremennom mire [The Great Stranger: Peasants and Farmers in the Modern World]. Moscow, Progress-Akademiya publ., 1992, pp. 202-210.)

HOBSBAWM, E. Bandits. London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson,1969, 185 p. (Russ. ed.: HOBSBAWM, E. Bandity. Moscow, Universitet Dmitriya Pozharskogo publ., 2020, 224 p.)

SHADSKII, O. G. Sovetskaya vlast' i krest'yanstvo Tambovskoi gubernii (leto 1918 - leto 1920), “predantonovshchina”. Dis. … kand.ist. nauk [Soviet power and peasantry of the Tambov gubernia (summer 1918 – summer 1920), "pre-Antonivschina." Cand. hist. sci. diss. In Russ.]. Tambov, 2000, 247 p.

SHCHERBININ, P. P. "Antonovshchina" skvoz' prizmu vospriyatiya detei i podrostkov: vybor zhiznennogo puti i ego posledstvii v pervoi chetverti XX veka ["Antonovschina" through the prism of perception of children and adolescents: The choice of the life path and its consequences in the first quarter of the 20th century. In Russ.]. IN: Istoricheskie, filosofskie, politicheskie i yuridicheskie nauki, kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie. Voprosy teorii i praktiki [Historical, philosophical, political, and legal sciences, cultural studies and art history. Issues of theory and practice], 2017, no. 6-2 (80), pp. 113–115.

LANDIS, E. C. Bandits and partisans: The Antonov movement in the Russian Civil War. Pittsburgh, Univ. of Pittsburgh press, 2008, 381 p.

RADKEY, O. H. The Unknown Civil War in Soviet Russia. A Study of the Green Movement in the Tambov Region, 1920-1921. Stanford, 1976. 457 p.

HAGEN, M. Soldiersin the Proletarian Dictatorship. The Red Army and the Soviet Socialist State, 1917-1930. Ithaca, 1990. 369 p.

About the authors

Nikolashin Vadim Pavlovich, PhD in History, G. R. Derzhavin Tambov State University, Technopark “Derzhavinsky,” deputy director, Tambov, Russian Federation, + 7-900-496-73-61, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

Submitted 16.06.2021, published (for citation):

NIKOLASHIN, V. P. “Postantonovshchina” kak osobyi etap razvitiya tambovskoi derevni posle krest'yanskogo vosstaniya 1920-1921 gg. Po materialam regional'nykh arkhivov. [“Post-Antonovschina” as a Distinctive Stage in the Development of the Tambov Village after the Peasant Uprising of 1920–21: Materials from Regional Archives. In Russ.]. IN: Vestnik arhivista / Herald of an Archivist, 2022, no. 4, pp. 997-1011. doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2022-4-997-1011