Household cards of the agricultural census of 1920. as a historical source

Scientific article

doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2024-3-718-732

For citation

Tagirova, Leila F. (2024), Sub-household cards of the agricultural census of 1920 as a historical source, Herald of an Archivist, № 3, pp. 718-732, doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2024-3-718-732

Tagirova, Leila F., Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation

Household cards of the agricultural census of 1920. as a historical source

Abstract

During the final stage of the Civil War, the leadership of the RSFSR decided to conduct the first Soviet, including agricultural census, in September-October 1920. The article deals with the collection of primary sources of the agricultural census of 1920. - The article deals with the collection of primary sources of the agricultural census of 1920, such as farmstead cards of peasant households in the Autonomous Soviet Bashkir Republic (Little Bashkiria), preserved in the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is noted that several archives of the country have preserved such collections of household cards as the primary source of the census. In the territory of the newly formed Bashkir Republic, two types of household cards have been identified. These documents recorded the surname, first name and patronymic of the owner of the yard, his nationality, the number and age of family members, the number of livestock, poultry, field and vegetable crops. If available, beekeeping, vineyards and industrial establishments of the family were taken into account. The study of this source will allow historians to identify not only general demographic and economic indicators, but also the national identity of peoples, family composition, population migration, possibilities of military mobilization, and to trace the territories where famine was already approaching in 1920. Some specialists (historians, demographers) in their works either did not touch upon the 1920 census data or criticized the lack of objectivity of the census data conducted under the conditions of the Civil War. The lack of qualified personnel in the statistical offices of the Soviet country is emphasized. The rapid loss of relevance of the collected data is noted. All this, in general, does not diminish the importance of the collections of household cards as a historical source on the demographic and socio-economic situation of the peasantry in the era of wars, revolutions and cardinal changes in the Soviet state.

Keywords

Agricultural census, historical source, household cards, peasantry, economy, demography, Civil War, Little Bashkiria.

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References

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About the authors

Tagirova Leila F., PhD historical sciences, Ufa Federal Research Center of RAS, Institute of History, Language and Literature, Department of History and Cultural History of Bashkortostan, researcher, Ufa, Russia, 8-917-366-27-33, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

The article was received in the editorial office on 18.02.2024, recommended for publication on 20.06.2024.