Autobiography of the Introducer of the ‘Primitive Communism’ Theory, ‘Red’ Professor Mikhail P. Zhakov in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1933)

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УДК 94(47) + 929

DOI 10.28995/2073-0101-2019-2-545-557

Olga V. Metel

F. M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russian Federation

Autobiography of the Introducer of the ‘Primitive Communism’ Theory, ‘Red’ Professor Mikhail P. Zhakov in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1933)

Abstract

The author publishes an annotated autobiography of the Soviet historian M. P. Zhakov (1893 – 1936). He belonged to the so-called ‘red’ professors, graduates of the Institute of the Red Professors, who in the first half of 1930s held leading positions in the Soviet science. He studied the history of the primitive society. He worked at the Institute of History of the Communist Academy and in the Moscow branch of the State Academy of the History of Material Culture. M. P. Zhakov's contribution to studying the primitive society was modest. In fact, he adhered to the concept of primitive communism, which was later harshly criticized in the Soviet science. In 1936 he was arrested as a Trotskyist and sentenced to death. The author contends that the scientific biography of M. P. Zhakov exemplifies the character of Marxist historians of 1920s-1930s and the vicissitudes of the emergence of Soviet research tradition. The article introduces M. P. Zhakov’s autobiography, which he wrote in November 1933 for the personnel department of the Moscow branch of the State Academy of the History of Material Culture. By its nature, the autobiography is a record keeping document, a matter of form. Its seems to have been meant as an apology. M. P. Zhakov underscored his revolutionary past and merits during the Civil War, while his scientific work was described almost drily. M. P. Zhakov’s autobiography of is a typewritten text printed on the both sides of a single sheet. On the first page there are two illegible corrections. While preparing the document for publication, the author have brought it into compliance with modern rules of spelling and punctuation, expanded all abbreviations (except conventional ones) in square brackets, and made all necessary annotations in order to explain the circumstances of M. P. Zhakov’s scientific career.

Keywords

Communist Academy, Moscow branch of the State Academy of the History of Material Culture, M. P. Zhakov, Soviet historiography, primitive history, autobiography.

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References

ARTIZOV, A. N. Sud'by istorikov shkoly M. N. Pokrovskogo (seredina 1930-h godov) [Fates of the historians of the M. N. Pokrovsky's academic school (mid-1930s). In Russ.]. IN: Voprosy istorii, 1993, no. 4, pp. 114 – 126.

BRACHEV, V. S. Istorik Zalman Borisovich Lozinskii (1898 – 1936) [Historian Zalman Borisovich Lozinskii (1898 – 1936). In Russ.]. IN: Obshchestvo. Sreda. Razvitie, 2015, no. 4, pp. 20 – 26.

SHEVELEVA, P. V. Obraz “krasnogo professora” (po materialam zhurnala “Istorik-marksist”) [The image of a “red professor” (based on the materials of “Тhe Historian-Marxist ”magazine). In Russ.]. IN: Vestnik Chelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta [Bulletin of the Chelyabinsk State University], 2007, no. 21, issue 22, pp. 146–162.

About the authors

Metel Olga Vadimovna, PhD in History, F.M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University, assistant professor, Russian Federation, +7-960-986-10-75, This e-mail address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it

Grant information

The article has been prepared with financial support from of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (science project no 16-01-50040).

Submitted 9.04.2018, published (for citation):

METEL, O. V. Avtobiografiya razrabotchika teorii “pervobytnogo kommunizma” “krasnogo” professora M. P. Zhakova v Arkhive Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. 1933 g. [Autobiography of the Introducer of the ‘Primitive Communism’ Theory, ‘Red’ Professor Mikhail P. Zhakov in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1933). In Russ.]. IN: Vestnik arhivista / Herald of an Archivist, 2019, no. 2, pp. 545-557. doi 10.28995/2073-0101-2019-2-545-557

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